Amerindian Genocide: Difference between revisions
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|Image = California skulls.jpg | |Image = California skulls.jpg | ||
|perpetrator = Spanish Empire<br>Portuguese Empire<br>British Empire<br>French Empire<br>Russian Empire<br>Mexican government<br>Canadian government<br>United States government<br>Argentine government<br>Chilean government<br>Brazilian government<br>Paraguayan government<br>Uruguayan government<br>Guatemalan government<br>[[Paxton Boys]]<br>[[Confederate States of America]] | |perpetrator = Spanish Empire<br>Portuguese Empire<br>British Empire<br>French Empire<br>Russian Empire<br>Mexican government<br>Canadian government<br>United States government<br>Argentine government<br>Chilean government<br>Brazilian government<br>Paraguayan government<br>Uruguayan government<br>Guatemalan government<br>[[Paxton Boys]]<br>[[Confederate States of America]] | ||
|date = October 12, 1492 - | |date = October 12, 1492 - present | ||
|location = Americas | |location = The Americas | ||
|motive = Enslave the Native population and use them to find gold<br>Gain the land of Native tribes<br>Impose "superior" cultural values on the Native Americans | |motive = Enslave the Native population and use them to find gold<br>Gain the land of Native tribes<br>Impose "superior" cultural values on the Native Americans | ||
|crimes = [[Crimes against humanity]]<br>[[Genocide]]<br>[[War crimes]]<br>Mass [[murder]]<br>[[Slavery]]<br>[[Rape]]<br>[[Ethnic cleansing]]<br>Forced assimilation<br>[[Hate Speech]]<br>[[Blood quantum]]<br>[[Anti-Native American Sentiment]]<br>[[Negrophobia]]<br>[[Xenophobia]]<br>[[Misogyny]]<br>[[Propaganda]]<br>[[Torture]]}}{{Quote|It is also apparent that the shared history of the hemisphere is one framed by the dual tragedies of genocide and slavery, both of which are part of the legacy of the European invasions of the past 500 years. Indigenous people north and south were displaced, died of disease, and were killed by Europeans through slavery, rape, and war.|Excerpt from ''American Philosophy: From Wounded Knee to the Present''.}} | |crimes = [[Crimes against humanity]]<br>[[Genocide]]<br>[[War crimes]]<br>Mass [[murder]]<br>[[Slavery]]<br>[[Rape]]<br>[[Ethnic cleansing]]<br>Forced assimilation<br>[[Hate Speech]]<br>[[Blood quantum]]<br>[[Anti-Native American Sentiment]]<br>[[Negrophobia]]<br>[[Xenophobia]]<br>[[Misogyny]]<br>[[Propaganda]]<br>[[Torture]]}}{{Quote|It is also apparent that the shared history of the hemisphere is one framed by the dual tragedies of genocide and slavery, both of which are part of the legacy of the European invasions of the past 500 years. Indigenous people north and south were displaced, died of disease, and were killed by Europeans through slavery, rape, and war.|Excerpt from ''American Philosophy: From Wounded Knee to the Present''.}} | ||
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==== [[Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire]] ==== | ==== [[Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire]] ==== | ||
In 1532, an army of conquistadors led by [[Francisco Pizarro]] began an invasion of the Inca Empire. Pizarro was successful in raiding the Inca Empire's gold and silver and killing the last emperor, Atahualpa. Afterwards, the Neo-Inca State was established with Manco Inca becoming the new emperor. In 1541, Pizarro was murdered by [[Diego de Almargo II]], who would later murder Manco | In 1532, an army of conquistadors led by [[Francisco Pizarro]] began an invasion of the Inca Empire. Pizarro was successful in raiding the Inca Empire's gold and silver and killing the last emperor, [[Atahualpa]]. Afterwards, the Neo-Inca State was established with Manco Inca becoming the new emperor. In 1541, Pizarro was murdered by [[Diego de Almargo II]], who would later murder Manco three years later. In 1572, [[Francisco Toledo]] managed to successfully crush the resistance of the Neo-Inca State before capturing Emperor Túpac Amaru I and executing him. | ||
==== [[Spanish conquest of the Muisca]] ==== | ==== [[Spanish conquest of the Muisca]] ==== | ||
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The [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] pursued a policy of cultural assimilation of Native Americans under the Dawes Act of 1887. Based on [[Richard Pratt]]'s ideology of "kill the Indian and save the man", the BIA forcibly enrolled Native American children in "Indian boarding schools" (most infamously [[Carlisle Indian Industrial School]]) where they were banned from speaking their native language and practicing their religion. Children were harshly disciplined if they refused to assimilate into white culture and many died. Parents who refused to give up their children were incarcerated. This policy of cultural genocide finally ended in 1934 when the failures of the policy became clear and the schools were all closed. | The [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] pursued a policy of cultural assimilation of Native Americans under the Dawes Act of 1887. Based on [[Richard Pratt]]'s ideology of "kill the Indian and save the man", the BIA forcibly enrolled Native American children in "Indian boarding schools" (most infamously [[Carlisle Indian Industrial School]]) where they were banned from speaking their native language and practicing their religion. Children were harshly disciplined if they refused to assimilate into white culture and many died. Parents who refused to give up their children were incarcerated. This policy of cultural genocide finally ended in 1934 when the failures of the policy became clear and the schools were all closed. | ||
The Canadian government pursued the same policy with the [[Canadian Indian residential school system]] which was designed to forcibly assimilate native children into | The Canadian government pursued the same policy with the [[Canadian Indian residential school system]] which was designed to forcibly assimilate native children into western culture. These schools were even more brutal than the American ones, with many acts of physical, mental and sexual abuse being committed against the children. Thousands of children died due to poor treatment until the system was closed down in 1997, and mass graves are still being uncovered today. | ||
====[[Indian termination|Indian termination policy]]==== | ====[[Indian termination|Indian termination policy]]==== | ||
"Indian termination" is a phrase describing United States policies relating to Native Americans from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s. It was shaped by a series of laws and practices with the intent of assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American society. Cultural assimilation of Native Americans was not new; the belief that indigenous people should abandon their traditional lives and become what the government considers "civilized" had been the basis of policy for centuries. What was new, however, was the sense of urgency that, with or without consent, tribes must be terminated and begin to live "as Americans." To that end, Congress set about ending the special relationship between tribes and the federal government. | "Indian termination" is a phrase describing United States policies relating to Native Americans from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s. It was shaped by a series of laws and practices with the intent of assimilating Native Americans into mainstream American society. Cultural assimilation of Native Americans was not new; the belief that indigenous people should abandon their traditional lives and become what the government considers "civilized" had been the basis of policy for centuries. What was new, however, was the sense of urgency that, with or without consent, tribes must be terminated and begin to live "as Americans." To that end, Congress set about ending the special relationship between tribes and the federal government. | ||
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====Forced sterilization==== | ====Forced sterilization==== | ||
During the 1960s and 1970s, the Indian Health Service performed thousands of sterilizations on Native American women between the ages of 15 and 44, with 3,406 women being sterilized between 1973 and 1976. Most of these sterilizations were performed without informed consent, with the women being either tricked into thinking the process was reversible, blackmailed into consenting with threats of losing welfare or simply forced to undergo the procedure with no prior knowledge. This was part of a wider policy of [[eugenics]] which also included African-Americans and the poor. It was halted in 1976 when the General Accountability Office found the sterilizations to be noncompliant with IHS ethics and policy and declared a moratorium on all sterilization procedures. | During the 1960s and 1970s, the Indian Health Service performed thousands of sterilizations on Native American women between the ages of 15 and 44, with 3,406 women being sterilized between 1973 and 1976. Most of these sterilizations were performed without informed consent, with the women being either tricked into thinking the process was reversible, blackmailed into consenting with threats of losing welfare or simply forced to undergo the procedure with no prior knowledge. This was part of a wider policy of [[eugenics]] which also included African-Americans and the poor. It was halted in 1976 when the General Accountability Office found the sterilizations to be noncompliant with IHS ethics and policy and declared a moratorium on all sterilization procedures. | ||
==== Highway of Tears ==== | |||
In British Columbia, Canada, tens of poverty-stricken natives have been subjected to homicides, rapes and disappearances. Many of these cases have been unresolved, with some activists arguing that the lack of coverage and results of the investigations are due to systemic racism and the media being complicit in the injustices suffered by indigenous people. These crimes still persist to this day. | |||
[[Category:Villainous Event]] | [[Category:Villainous Event]] | ||
[[Category:United States of America]] | [[Category:United States of America]] | ||