Editing Black Hammer Party (section)

===History and ideology===
The Black Hammer Organization was established in 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia as an anticolonial movement for Black and indigenous peoples. According to the group’s website, its mission has been to “take the Land Back for all colonized people worldwide.” Their emblem, the hammer, “represents breaking the chains of colonialism and building a self-determined future for all colonized people worldwide.” In early 2022, the group began referring to themselves as the Black Hammer Party, rather than Organization.

While it is not clear how many active members are affiliated with Black Hammer, based on social media posts, the group likely had a few dozen core activists in its early years. At the group’s peak in 2020, there were at least a dozen chapters nationwide, as well as a chapter in Kenya. However, by mid-2022, the majority of these chapters grew inactive, and the Atlanta headquarters appears to have no more than a dozen key members. Former members have alleged emotional abuse and exploitation at the hands of Kodzo, the organization’s leader, as the cause for their departure.

Ideologically, the group has changed over time. When it was formed, its focus was exclusively anti-colonial in nature. Claiming to advocate on behalf of all black and indigenous peoples, they promoted anti-capitalist and anti-colonial ideas during their events and public preaching sessions to people experiencing homelessness and the students and faculty at Georgia State University. Their main rallying cry is “Land Back,” an effort to “take all of our continents back from the colonizer.” To this end, they attempted (and failed) to purchase their own tracts of land, to be called “Hammer Cities,” to start a new homeland-of-sorts exclusively for people of color with “no cops, no rent, no Coronavirus, and no white people.” As part of their community organizing, activists across the country distributed food and face masks to the local people experiencing homelessness.

By 2021, while still promoting their “Land Back” goals, the group’s leader, [[Augustus Cornelius Romain, Jr.|Gazi Kodzo]], began advancing a more far-right narrative. After failing to acquire land in Colorado in July 2021, the organization has since pivoted to focusing on their [[Anti-vaxxers|objection to Covid vaccine mandates]] as well as voicing support and staging protests for the [[2021 United States Capitol storming|January 6 Capitol]] insurrectionists whom Gazi refers to as “Freedom Fighters.” Kodzo has also promoted the [[Proud Boys]] and appeared on [[Gavin McInnes]]’ (the Proud Boys’ founder and former leader) show, advocated for formalized segregation in a video titled, “Why I agree with MAGA,” touted election conspiracy theories, and voiced support for [[Marjorie Taylor Greene]] after she was removed from Twitter.

The group is often seen armed and sporting tactical vests at public protests and events.