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'''Leroy Eldridge Cleaver''' (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party.
'''Leroy Eldridge Cleaver''' (August 31, 1935 – May 1, 1998) was an American writer and political activist who became an early leader of the Black Panther Party.
==Biography==
==Biography==
Cleaver was an inmate of correctional institutions in California almost constantly from his junior high school days until 1966 for crimes ranging from possession of marijuana to assault with intent to murder.  
Cleaver was an inmate of correctional institutions in California almost constantly from his junior high school days until 1966 for crimes ranging from possession of marijuana to assault with intent to murder. In his memoir ''Soul on Ice'' he admitted that he had raped dozens of women in this time for political reasons, believing the rape of white women to be an "insurrectionary act" and preying on black women in the ghetto "for practice". He stated that he had since come to reject these views and regretted his past actions.


While in prison, he supplemented his incomplete education with wide reading and became a follower of the Black Muslim separatist [[Malcolm X]]. He also began writing the essays that would eventually be collected in ''Soul on Ice'', and whose publication in ''Ramparts'' magazine helped him win parole in 1966.
While in prison, he supplemented his incomplete education with wide reading and became a follower of the Black Muslim separatist [[Malcolm X]]. He also began writing the essays that would eventually be collected in ''Soul on Ice'', and whose publication in ''Ramparts'' magazine helped him win parole in 1966.