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Emperor Qianlong
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===Jinchuan campaign=== Jinchuan is a region in Western Sichuan that was historically inhabited by the rGyalrong. They lived in two chiefdoms, Chuchen(Greater Jinchuan) and Tsanlha(Lesser Jinchuan). In 1747 Qianlong sought to increase Qing control over the region; after two attempts to invade, Chief Slob Dpon of Chuchen was defeated and agreed to be a tributary to China. In 1771, Qianlong decided to intervene when Dpon's grand-nephew Sonom and his friend SSenge Sang started a conquest of Tsanlha. Qianlong sent Governor Artai of Sichuan to stop the uprising, but he failed and was replaced by Grand Secretary Wenfu, who led a two-pronged offensive with his forces in the north and those of Guilin, the new governor of Sichuan, in the south. Although Wenfu succeeded, Guilin failed and was executed, then replaced with General Agui. Despite their successes, Wenfu and Agui were unable to capture SSenge Sang, so they tried offering Sonom the rulership of all Jinchuan if he handed SSenge Sang over. He refused, and the war continued; due to the fierceness of the resistance, the Qing army was forced to massacre the inhabitants. After the war, the chiefdoms were replaced with a military prefecture and settled with Han Chinese to replace the dead rGyalrong. This campaign had required 600,000 soldiers to be deployed to the region, and cost 70 million silver taels. Although they are now the minority in the region due to massacres and displacement by Han Chinese, the rGyalrong were not completely exterminated, and still exist today.
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