Editing Ferdinand Marcos (section)

== Martial Law Torture  ==
The various '''torture methods used by the Marcos dictatorship''' in the years between the declaration of martial law in 1972 and the Marcos family's ouster during the People Power Revolution in 1986 included a range of methods Philippine forces picked up during its long periods of colonial occupation under Spanish, American, and Japanese forces, but also a number of new methods arising from the modern technologies of the later 20th century. These included sexual assaults including rape and degradation; non-sexual physical tortures including variants of electrocution, [[waterboarding]], suffocation, burning, and beating; and various forms of psychological torture. It was lesser known as it was in [[Nazi Germany]] with tortures.

For Marcos to continue to act as head of state and government, his declaration of Martial Law had to achieve seven objectives:
#. Control the military and police.
#. Control the Supreme Court.
#. Undermine the Philippine public's faith in democracy.
#. Exploit and abet lawlessness and instability.
#. Exaggerate the Communist threat
#. Get political backing from the United States.
#. Hijack the constitutional convention.

Various forms of torture were used by forces under the Marcos regime, usually combined with each other.

=== Physical torture ===
Physical torture was also often inflicted upon victims. Aside from deadly weapons, implements of torture included water, pliers, thumbtacks, ballpoint pens, and flat irons. Physical torture took the forms of:
* Beatings. Almost all who were tortured were subjected to beatings. 
* Electric shock (also known as the '''Meralco treatment''') - where electric wires were attached to fingers, genitalia, arms or the head of the victim
* San Juanico Bridge or air treatment - Victim lies between two cots. 
* Truth serum. Victims include Pete Lacaba, Danilo Vizmanos, Fernando Tayag, Bernardo Escarcha,
* [[Russian Roulette]] - a revolver with one bullet loaded in the chamber is spun up, aimed at the head of the victim, and then the trigger pulled, a one-in-seven chance that the bullet will discharge.
* Pistol-whipping - beating with rifle or pistol butts.
* Water cure (also known as the Nawasa treatment)- large amounts of water would be forced through the victim's mouth, then forced out by beating.
* Wet submarine - victims' heads would be submerged in a toilet full of urine and excrement.
* Dry submarine - victims' heads would be inserted into plastic bags, causing suffocation. 
* Strangulation - Done by hand, with electric wire or steel bar.
* Ashtray - cigarette burns would be inflicted on the victim. 
* Flat iron burns - feet are burned with flat irons. 
* Candle burns. 
* ''Sinusunog na rekado'' (burning spices) or Pepper torture - concentrated peppery substance placed on lips, ears and genitals. 
* Animal treatment - victims are manacled and caged like beasts.  Some were made to drink their own urine and others were forced to eat their own feces.
* Cold torture - Forcing victims to sit against air conditioners set on maximum while shirtless, or to sit or lie down on blocks of ice while naked (sometimes with electric wires). 
* Food deprivation. Victims include CPP founder [[Jose Maria Sison]] and Rev. Cesar Taguba.
* ''Pompyang'' (cymbals) - ear clapping. 
* Putting bullets between fingers then squeezing the hands tightly. 

=== Sexual torture ===
* [[Rape]]. Victims include Maria Cristina Pargas-Bawagan, Etta Rosales, and Erlene Dangoy.
* [[Gang Rape]]. Victims include Hilda Narciso.
* Molestation. Victims include Judy Taguiwalo, Erlinda Taruc-Co and Cristina Pargas
* Sticks inserted into penises. Victims include Bonifacio Ilagan.

=== Psychological torture ===
Among the forms of psychological torture performed were:
* Solitary confinement. Victims include Ninoy Aquino, Danilo Vizmanos, CPP/NPA Leaders Victor Corpus, Bernabe Buscayno, and Jose Maria Sison, and World War II Hunter's Guerrilla forces commander Eleuterio "Terry" Adevoso, who was accused of plotting a coup.
* Sleep deprivation. Victims include Ninoy Aquino and Maria Elena-Ang.
* Playing loud, repetitive music. Victims include Ninoy Aquino.
* Forcing victims to strip naked. Victims include Virgillo Villegas, Maria Elena Ang, Erlene Dangoy, and Monica Atienza