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'''François Duvalier''' (April 14, 1907 – April 21, 1971) was the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Haiti President] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti Haiti] from 1957 until his death in 1971.
'''François Duvalier''' (April 14, 1907 – April 21, 1971) was the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Haiti President] of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti Haiti] from 1957 until his death in 1971.


Duvalier first won acclaim in fighting diseases, earning him the nickname "Papa Doc" ("Daddy Doc[tor]" in French). He opposed a military ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat coup d'état]'' in 1950, and was elected President in 1957 on a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populism populist] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_nationalism black nationalist] platform. His rule, based on a purged military, the Tonton Macoute [[death squad]], and the use of a [[Cult of personality |personality cult]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Vodou voodoo], resulted in 30,000 people being killed and an ensuing "brain drain" from which the country has not recovered. Ruling as |President for Life from 1964 until his death in 1971, Duvalier was succeeded by his son, [[Jean-Claude Duvalier]], nicknamed "Baby Doc".
Duvalier first won acclaim in fighting diseases, earning him the nickname "Papa Doc" ("Daddy Doc[tor]" in French). He opposed a military ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat coup d'état]'' in 1950, and was elected President in 1957 on a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populism populist] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_nationalism black nationalist] platform. His rule, based on a purged military, the Tonton Macoute [[death squad]], and the use of a [[Cult of personality |personality cult]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Vodou voodoo], resulted in 30,000 people being killed and an ensuing "brain drain" from which the country has not recovered. Ruling as President for Life from 1964 until his death in 1971, Duvalier was succeeded by his son, [[Jean-Claude Duvalier]], nicknamed "Baby Doc".


During his reign, he did many horrible things including have the boy scouts put to death for writing messages that opposed him. He even called for the death of black dogs because of a belief that a political opponent could shape-shift into a black dog.
During his reign, he did many horrible things including have the boy scouts put to death for writing messages that opposed him. He even called for the death of black dogs because of a belief that a political opponent could shape-shift into a black dog.