Editing Hồ Chí Minh
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===Vietnam War=== | ===Vietnam War=== | ||
During the First Indochina War, the French returned | During the First Indochina War, the French returned Bao Dai to power and set up the state of Vietnam (South Vietnam) in July 1949, with Saigon as its capital. Armed conflict between the two states continued until a decisive battle at Dien Bien Phu ended in French defeat by Viet Minh forces. The subsequent treaty negotiations at Geneva (at which Ho was represented by his associate Pham Van Dong) partitioned Indochina and called for elections for reunification in 1956. | ||
Backed by the United States, the strongly anti-Communist South Vietnamese government of [[ | Backed by the United States, the strongly anti-Communist South Vietnamese government of [[Ngo Dinh Diem]] refused to support the Geneva accords and put off elections indefinitely. In 1959, armed conflict broke out again, as Communist guerrillas known as the Viet Cong began launching attacks on targets (including U.S. military installations) in South Vietnam. The Viet Cong appealed to North Vietnam for help, and that July the central committee of Ho’s Lao Dong (Worker’s Party) voted to link the establishment of socialism in the North to the cause of unification with the South. | ||
At this same meeting, Ho ceded his position as party secretary-general to [[Le Duan]]. He would remain nominally as North Vietnam’s head of state during the Vietnam War but would take a more behind-the-scenes role. To his people, “Uncle Ho” also remained an important symbol of Vietnam’s unification. The U.S. continued to increase its support of South Vietnam, sending economic aid and–beginning in December 1961–military troops. American airstrikes against North Vietnam began in 1965, and in July 1966, Ho sent a message to the country’s people that “nothing is as dear to the heart of the Vietnamese as independence and liberation.” This became the motto of the North Vietnamese cause. | At this same meeting, Ho ceded his position as party secretary-general to [[Le Duan]]. He would remain nominally as North Vietnam’s head of state during the Vietnam War but would take a more behind-the-scenes role. To his people, “Uncle Ho” also remained an important symbol of Vietnam’s unification. The U.S. continued to increase its support of South Vietnam, sending economic aid and–beginning in December 1961–military troops. American airstrikes against North Vietnam began in 1965, and in July 1966, Ho sent a message to the country’s people that “nothing is as dear to the heart of the Vietnamese as independence and liberation.” This became the motto of the North Vietnamese cause. | ||