Editing Heaven's Gate (section)

== History ==

=== Foundation ===
Ex soldier [[Marshall Applewhite]] and nurse Bonnie Nettles founded in 1974 the group called "Total Overconsumers Anonymous" and "Human Individual Metamorphosis", that later would be called Heaven's Gate, after going to some religious places claiming to be the two witnesses of the Apocalypse.

The Two would gain their first follower, Sharon Morgan, in May 1974, abandoning her children to join them. A month later Sharon left and returned to her family. Nettles and [[Marshall Applewhite|Applewhite]] were arrested and charged with credit card fraud for using Morgan's cards, despite the fact that she had consented to their use. The charges were later dropped. However, a routine check brought up that [[Marshall Applewhite|Applewhite]] had stolen a rental car from St. Louis 9 months earlier, which he still possessed. Applewhite then spent six months in jail primarily in Missouri, and was released in early 1975, subsequently rejoining Nettles.

Eventually, [[Marshall Applewhite|Applewhite]] and Nettles resolved to contact extraterrestrials, and they sought like-minded followers. They published advertisements for meetings, where they recruited disciples, whom they called "The Crew". At the events, they said that they represented beings from another planet, called "the Next Level", who sought participants for an experiment. They stated that those who agreed to take part in the experiment would be brought to a higher evolutionary level.

=== Arise of the group ===
In April 1975, during a meeting with a metaphysical group of eighty people led by Clarence Klug in Joan Culpepper's Studio City, Los Angeles home, they shared their  "revelations" that they had been told they were the two witnesses written into the Bible's story of the end time. Between 23 and 27 individuals decided to join the group as a result of the meeting.

Later, in September 1975, [[Marshall Applewhite|Applewhite]] and Nettles preached at a motel hall in Waldport, Oregon. After that day, around 20 people vanished from the hotel and from the public eye and joined the group. From that point, the two leaders of the group led the nearly one-hundred-member crew across the country, sleeping in tents and sleeping bags and begging in the streets. Evading detection by the authorities and media enabled the group to focus on the two's doctrine of helping members of the crew achieve a "higher evolutionary level" above human, which they claimed to have already reached.

In April 1976, the group stopped recruiting and became reclusive, and instituted a rigid set of behavioural guidelines, including banning sexual activity and the use of drugs. Applewhite and Nettles also solidified that they represented the sole temporal and religious authority of the group. 

=== The mass suicide ===
In October 1996, the group began renting a large home which they called "The Monastery", a mansion located near 18341 Colina Norte  in Rancho Santa Fe, California.  In the same month, the group purchased alien abduction insurance that would cover up to fifty members and would pay out $1 million per person.

On the 19th-20th March of 1997, [[Marshall Applewhite]] made an audio called "''Do's Final Exit"'' in which he defined of mass suicide as "the only way to evacuate this Earth". After asserting that a spacecraft was trailing Comet Hale–Bopp and that this event would represent the "closure to Heaven's Gate", Applewhite persuaded 38 followers to prepare for ritual suicide so their souls could board the supposed craft. [[Marshall Applewhite|Applewhite]] believed that after their deaths an unidentified flying object (UFO) would take their souls to another "level of existence above human", which he described as being both physical and spiritual. Their preparations included each member videotaping a farewell message.

After that moment, the members of the group killed themselves.