Herbert Kappler: Difference between revisions
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{{Mature}}{{Villain Infobox|name=Evil-doer|fullname=Herbert Kappler|origin=Stuttgart, Germany|occupation=Lieutenant Colonel<br>Chief of the Gestapo|skills=Knowledge in criminology<br>High Intelligence<br>Marksmanship<br>Leadership<br>Strategy|hobby=Discussing literature and religion with his old enemy Hugh O'Flaherty in prison<br>Torturing anti-fascists and partisans<br>Spying the italian police<br>Deporting Jews<br>Raking people|goals=Maintain the control of the Nazis at Rome (failed)<br>Deport Jews to concentration camps ( | {{Mature}}{{Villain Infobox|name=Evil-doer|fullname=Herbert Kappler|origin=Stuttgart, Germany|occupation=Lieutenant Colonel<br>Chief of the [[Gestapo]]|skills=Knowledge in criminology<br>High Intelligence<br>Marksmanship<br>Leadership<br>Strategy|hobby=Discussing literature and religion with his old enemy Hugh O'Flaherty in prison<br>Torturing anti-fascists and partisans<br>Spying the italian police<br>Deporting Jews<br>Raking people|goals=Maintain the control of the Nazis at Rome<small>(failed)</small><br>Deport Jews to concentration camps <small>(succeeded)</small><br>Take Mafalda of Savoy as an hostage <small>(succeeded)</small><br>Imprison [[Galeazzo Ciano]] <small>(succeeded)</small><br> | ||
Take Mafalda of Savoy as an hostage ( | Escape to Germany <small>(succeeded)</small><br>Kill Hugh O'Flaherty <small>(failed)</small><br>Free [[Benito Mussolini]] <small>(succeeded)</small> | ||
Escape to Germany ( | |crimes=Hostage taking<br>[[Mass murder]]<br>Deportation<br>[[War crimes]]<br>Evasion<br>[[Torture]]|alias=Obersturmbannführer Kappler|type of villain=Nazi colonel|image=Herbert Kappler 1977.jpg|enemies=Hugh O'Flaherty <small>(precedently)</small><br>Jewish people<br>Anti-fascists<br> The Vatican<br>The Allies<br>Partisans}} | ||
|crimes=Hostage taking<br> | |||
{{Quote|Only I know how much I suffered from that terrible experience.|Herbert Kappler expressing his regret on doing the [[Ardeatine massacre]]}} | {{Quote|Only I know how much I suffered from that terrible experience.|Herbert Kappler expressing his regret on doing the [[Ardeatine massacre]]}} | ||
'''Herbert Kappler''' was the [[Gestapo]] chief [[SS]]-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) of Rome who committed [[War crimes|war crimes]]. | '''Herbert Kappler''' (23rd September 1907 - 9th February 1978) was the [[Gestapo]] chief [[SS]]-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) of Rome who committed [[War crimes|war crimes]]. | ||
== Biography == | == Biography == | ||
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=== Freeing Mussolini === | === Freeing Mussolini === | ||
Thanks to some italian collaborations, he knew in advance of [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]]'s dismissal on 25 July 1943 and he was able to capture [[Galeazzo Ciano]] and Mafalda of Savoy. | Thanks to some italian collaborations, he knew in advance of [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]]'s dismissal on 25 July 1943 and he was able to capture [[Galeazzo Ciano]] and Mafalda of Savoy. | ||
[[File:Raid of the Gran Sasso.jpg|left|thumb|Mussolini with Nazi commander after the | [[File:Raid of the Gran Sasso.jpg|left|thumb|Mussolini with Nazi commander after the successful end of the Operation Oak.]] | ||
Then, Kappler identified the place where [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]] was held prisoner, in Campo Imperatore, and planned its release by direct order of [[Heinrich Himmler]], even though Kappler defined [[fascism]] dead and he didn't wanted to re-establish a puppet fascist government. | Then, Kappler identified the place where [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]] was held prisoner, in Campo Imperatore, and planned its release by direct order of [[Heinrich Himmler]], even though Kappler defined [[fascism]] "dead" and he didn't wanted to re-establish a puppet fascist government. | ||
After the successful release of [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]], Kappler ordered the seizure and transport to Germany of the entire gold reserve of Italy kept in the safes of the Roman headquarters of the Bank of Italy. The entire gold reserve was first transferred to Milan in the night between 22nd and 23rd September and from here the gold also passed through the fortress of Fortezza, until it was finally transported to Berlin. | After the successful release of [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]], Kappler ordered the seizure and transport to Germany of the entire gold reserve of Italy kept in the safes of the Roman headquarters of the Bank of Italy. The entire gold reserve was first transferred to Milan in the night between 22nd and 23rd September and from here the gold also passed through the fortress of Fortezza, until it was finally transported to Berlin. | ||
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=== Persecution of Archbishop Hugh O'Flaherty === | === Persecution of Archbishop Hugh O'Flaherty === | ||
[[File:Hugh O'Flaherty.jpg|thumb|271x271px|Photo of Hugh O'Flarerty, one of the (ex) enemies of Herbert Kappler.|center]] | [[File:Hugh O'Flaherty.jpg|thumb|271x271px|Photo of Hugh O'Flarerty, one of the (ex) enemies of Herbert Kappler.|center]] | ||
He is best remembered for trying to stop Archbishop Hugh O'Flaherty, a Catholic priest helping Jews and Allied survive the Nazi regime in Rome. Kappler even tried breaking the neutrality rules in the Vatican by trying to assassinate O'Flaherty, which never succeeded. | He is best remembered for trying to stop Archbishop Hugh O'Flaherty, a Catholic priest helping Jews and Allied survive the Nazi regime in Rome. Kappler even tried breaking the neutrality rules in the Vatican by trying to assassinate O'Flaherty, which never succeeded.[[File:Kappler_on_trial.jpg|left|thumb|258x258px|Herbert Kappler on trial during May 1948.]] | ||
=== Capture and prison life === | === Capture and prison life === | ||
Kappler was arrested by the Allies for his actions during his rule in Rome. Kappler stayed in prison, his wife divorced him and refused to have his children visit him. His only visitor was his old enemy Hugh O'Flaherty. The two started to become friends, where they discussing literature and religion. In 1959, a remorseful Kappler converted to the Catholic church thus ending his atheist beliefs. In 1972, Kappler later married a nurse named Anneliese Kappler.[[File:Old Kappler.jpg|thumb|194x194px|An old Herbert Kappler resting on his bed.]] | |||
Kappler was arrested by the Allies for his actions during his rule in Rome. Kappler stayed in prison, his wife divorced him and refused to have his children visit him. His only visitor was his old enemy Hugh O'Flaherty. The two started to become friends, where they discussing literature and religion. In 1959, a remorseful Kappler converted to the Catholic church thus ending his atheist beliefs. In 1972, Kappler later married a nurse named Anneliese Kappler. | |||
=== Death === | === Death === | ||
In 1975, Kappler was diagnosed with terminal cancer. After Italy denied appeals to have him be with Anneliese at her home in Soltau (West Germany), she carried him out in a large suitcase and escaped to West Germany. The Italians demanded that Kappler is returned, but the West Germany authorities refused to extradite him. Six months after the escape, Herbert Kappler died in his wife's home on February 9th 1978. | In 1975, Kappler was diagnosed with terminal cancer. After Italy denied appeals to have him be with Anneliese at her home in Soltau (West Germany), she carried him out in a large suitcase and escaped to West Germany. The Italians demanded that Kappler is returned, but the West Germany authorities refused to extradite him. Six months after the escape, Herbert Kappler died in his wife's home on February 9th 1978. | ||
== Quotes == | == Quotes == | ||
{{Quote|As long as I'm not in Germany, I don't want to delude myself or despair. Too many times my dreams of freedom have been disappointed.|Herbert Kappler on wanting to return to Germany.}}{{Quote|I was forced to order that no chaplain attend the execution. It is, in fact, terrible for a dying person to be separated from the priest.|Herbert Kappler}}{{Quote|I felt the responsibility of execution terrible on me. I feverishly studied the modalities. I called my officers to report and briefed them on the situation and gave them orders. Each commander had to participate in the execution by firing a shot from a machine gun. This was a symbolic necessity.|Herbert Kappler on the [[Ardeatine massacre]]}} | {{Quote|As long as I'm not in Germany, I don't want to delude myself or despair. Too many times my dreams of freedom have been disappointed.|Herbert Kappler on wanting to return to Germany.}}{{Quote|I was forced to order that no chaplain attend the execution. It is, in fact, terrible for a dying person to be separated from the priest.|Herbert Kappler}}{{Quote|I felt the responsibility of execution terrible on me. I feverishly studied the modalities. I called my officers to report and briefed them on the situation and gave them orders. Each commander had to participate in the execution by firing a shot from a machine gun. This was a symbolic necessity.|Herbert Kappler on the [[Ardeatine massacre]]}} | ||
== Gallery == | |||
=== Images === | |||
<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220" heights="220" perrow="4"> | |||
File:Kappler1 little.jpg|Herbert Kappler's mugshot. | |||
File:KH.jpg|Herbert Kappler entering in the courtroom. | |||
</gallery> | |||
== Trivia == | == Trivia == | ||
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* Before converting to the Catholic Church, he was a devouted atheist. | * Before converting to the Catholic Church, he was a devouted atheist. | ||
[[Category:Mature]] | [[Category:Mature]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:European Villains]] | ||
[[Category:Germany]] | [[Category:Germany]] | ||
[[Category:Male]] | [[Category:Male]] | ||
[[Category:Modern Villains]] | |||
[[Category:Villains of World War 2]] | [[Category:Villains of World War 2]] | ||
[[Category:Lawful Evil]] | [[Category:Lawful Evil]] | ||
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[[Category:Deceased]] | [[Category:Deceased]] | ||
[[Category:Imprisoned]] | [[Category:Imprisoned]] | ||
[[Category:Partners in Crime]] | |||
[[Category:War Criminal]] | [[Category:War Criminal]] | ||
[[Category:Torturer]] | [[Category:Torturer]] | ||
[[Category:Mass Murderers]] | |||
[[Category:Fugitives]] | |||
[[Category:Mongers]] | [[Category:Mongers]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Oppressors]] | ||
[[Category:Corrupt Officials]] | |||
[[Category:Destroyer of Innocence]] | |||
[[Category:From Nobody to Nightmare]] | |||
[[Category:Fascist]] | [[Category:Fascist]] | ||
[[Category:Supremacists]] | [[Category:Supremacists]] | ||
[[Category:Anti-Religious]] | [[Category:Anti-Religious]] | ||
[[Category:Anti- | [[Category:Anti-Semitic]] | ||
[[Category:Anti-Christian]] | [[Category:Anti-Christian]] | ||
[[Category:Remorseful]] | [[Category:Remorseful]] | ||
[[Category:Homicidal]] | [[Category:Homicidal]] | ||
[[Category:Barbarians]] | [[Category:Barbarians]] | ||
[[Category:Mastermind]] | |||
[[Category:In love]] | |||
[[Category:Fallen Heroes]] | [[Category:Fallen Heroes]] | ||
[[Category:Nazi Party Members]] | |||