Editing Jasenovac concentration camp (section)

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'''Jasenovac''' was a [[Concentration camp|concentration]] and extermination camp established in Slavonia by the authorities of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH) in occupied Yugoslavia during [[World War II]]. The concentration camp, one of the ten largest in Europe, was established and operated by the governing [[fascist]] [[Ustaše]] regime lead by [[Ante Pavelić]], which was the only [[Axis Powers|Axis]] regime in occupied Europe to operate extermination camps solely on their own for Jews and other ethnic groups and without some degree of involvement from the [[Nazi Party]].

It was established in August 1941 in marshland at the confluence of the Sava and Una rivers near the village of Jasenovac, and was dismantled in April 1945. It was "notorious for its barbaric practices and the large number of victims". Unlike German Nazi-run camps, Jasenovac specialized in one-on-one violence of a particularly brutal kind and prisoners were primarily  [[murder]]ed manually with the use of blunt objects such as knives, hammers and axes. They also used [[Gas Chamber|gas chamber]]s, much like their Nazi counterparts.

In Jasenovac the majority of victims were ethnic Serbs (as part of the [[Serbian Genocide]]); others were Jews ([[The Holocaust]]), Roma (The [[Porajmos]]), and some political dissidents. Jasenovac was a complex of five subcamps spread over 210 km2 (81 sq mi) on both banks of the Sava and Una rivers. The largest camp was the "Brickworks" camp at Jasenovac, about 100 km (62 mi) southeast of Zagreb. The overall complex included the Stara Gradiška sub-camp, the killing grounds across the Sava river at Gradina Donja, five work farms, and the Uštica Roma camp.

During and since World War II, there has been much debate and controversy regarding the number of victims killed at the Jasenovac concentration camp complex during its more than three-and-a-half years of operation. After the war, a figure of 700,000 reflected the "conventional wisdom".

Since 2002, the Museum of Victims of Genocide in Belgrade has no longer defended the figure of 700,000 to 1 million victims of the camp. In 2005, Dragan Cvetković, a researcher from the Museum, and a Croatian co-author published a book on wartime losses in the NDH which gave a figure of approximately 100,000 victims of Jasenovac. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) in Washington, D.C. presently estimates that the Ustaše regime murdered between 77,000 and 99,000 people in Jasenovac between 1941 and 1945.