Editing Joaquín Guzmán Loera (section)

== Early life ==
Joaquín Archivaldo Guzmán Loera was born into a poor family in the rural community of La Tuna, Badiraguato, Sinaloa, Mexico. He was born on 4 April 1957.<sup>[26]</sup> His parents were Emilio Guzmán Bustillos and María Consuelo Loera Pérez.<sup>[27]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>His paternal grandparents were Juan Guzmán and Otilia Bustillos, and 
his maternal grandparents were Ovidio Loera Cobret and Pomposa Pérez 
Uriarte. For many generations, his family lived and died at La Tuna.<sup>[28]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>His father was officially a cattle rancher, as were most in the area 
where Guzmán grew up; according to some sources, however, he may have 
possibly also been a ''gomero'', a Sinaloan word for opium poppy farmer.<sup>[29]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>Guzmán has two younger sisters, Armida and Bernarda, and four younger 
brothers: Miguel Ángel, Aureliano, Arturo and Emilio. He had three 
unnamed older brothers who reportedly died of natural causes when he was
<nowiki> </nowiki>very young.<sup>[28]</sup>

Few details are known of Guzmán's upbringing. As a child, Guzmán sold
<nowiki> </nowiki>oranges, and dropped out of school in third grade to work with his 
father.<sup>[18]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>Guzmán was regularly beaten and sometimes fled to his maternal 
grandmother's house to escape such treatment. However, when he was home,
<nowiki> </nowiki>Guzmán stood up to his father to protect his younger siblings from 
being beaten.<sup>[30][31]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>It is possible that Guzmán incurred his father’s wrath for trying to 
stop him from beating them. His mother, however, was the "foundation of 
[his] emotional support".<sup>[32]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>As the nearest school to his home was about 60 mi (100 km) away, Guzmán
<nowiki> </nowiki>was taught by traveling teachers during his early years, just like the 
rest of his brothers. The teachers stayed for a few months before moving
<nowiki> </nowiki>to other areas.<sup>[31]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>With few opportunities for employment in his hometown, he turned to the
<nowiki> </nowiki>cultivation of opium poppy, a common practice among local residents.<sup>[33]</sup>
<nowiki> </nowiki>During harvest season, Guzmán and his brothers hiked the hills of 
Badiraguato to cut the bud of the poppy. Once the plant was stacked in 
kilos, his father sold the harvest to other suppliers in Culiacán and Guamúchil.<sup>[34]</sup> He sold marijuana
<nowiki> </nowiki>at commercial centers near the area while accompanied by Guzmán. His 
father spent most of the profits on liquor and women and often returned 
home with no money. Tired of his mismanagement, Guzmán, at the age of 
15, cultivated his own marijuana plantation with four distant cousins (Arturo, Alfredo, Carlos, and Héctor), who lived nearby. With his first marijuana productions, Guzmán supported his family financially.<sup>[30]</sup>

When he was a teenager, however, his father kicked him out of his house, and he went to live with his grandfather.<sup>[35]</sup> It was during his adolescence that Guzmán earned the nickname ''El Chapo'', Mexican slang for "shorty", for his 1.68 metres (5 ft 6 in) stature and stocky physical appearance.<sup>[36][37]</sup> Though most people in Badiraguato worked in the poppy fields of the Sierra Madre Occidental throughout most of their lives, Guzmán left his hometown in search of greater opportunities; through his uncle Pedro Avilés Pérez, one of the pioneers of Mexican drug trafficking, he left Badiraguato in his 20s and joined [[organized crime]].<sup>[38]</sup>