Juan Perón: Difference between revisions
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}}{{Quote|For our friends: everything. For our enemies: not even justice.|Juan Perón}} | }}{{Quote|For our friends: everything. For our enemies: not even justice.|Juan Perón}} | ||
'''Juan Domingo Perón''' (October 8, 1895 – July 1, 1974) was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President of a military dictatorship, he was elected President of Argentina three times, serving from June 1946 to September 1955, when he was overthrown by the ''Revolución Libertadora'', and then from October 1973 until his death in July 1974, after which his third wife, Isabel Perón, assumed the presidency. | '''Juan Domingo Perón''' (October 8, 1895 – July 1, 1974) was an Argentine Army general and politician. After serving in several government positions, including Minister of Labour and Vice President of a military dictatorship, he was elected President of Argentina three times, serving from June 1946 to September 1955, when he was overthrown by the ''[[Revolución Libertadora]]'', and then from October 1973 until his death in July 1974, after which his third wife, [[Isabel Perón]], assumed the presidency. | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
===Military career=== | ===Military career=== | ||
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In 1951, Perón was re-elected for a second term. However, things started to get rough. Economic growth stagnated, his anti-intellectual stance made him a lot of enemies among the Argentine upper-class intelligentsia (including writer Jorge Luis Borges, who had been "promoted" from library attendant to "poultry inspector" for opposing Perón), his progressive reforms (including a divorce law) infuriated conservatives and the Catholic Church, and perhaps most importantly, his wife Evita died of cancer. | In 1951, Perón was re-elected for a second term. However, things started to get rough. Economic growth stagnated, his anti-intellectual stance made him a lot of enemies among the Argentine upper-class intelligentsia (including writer Jorge Luis Borges, who had been "promoted" from library attendant to "poultry inspector" for opposing Perón), his progressive reforms (including a divorce law) infuriated conservatives and the Catholic Church, and perhaps most importantly, his wife Evita died of cancer. | ||
On June 1955, members of an ultra-Catholic faction of the Air Force wrote ''Cristo Vence'' ("Christ is Victorious") on their airplanes and decided to rebel against the Peronist regime by [[Bombing of Plaza de Mayo|bombing Plaza de Mayo]], an important square in Buenos Aires adjacent to the Casa Rosada presidential palace, killing hundreds of innocent civilians. The attempted coup failed, anti-Catholic riots and [[church burning]]s by Perón supporters followed, but the dictator was finished. He was overthrown three months later by the so-called ''Revolución Libertadora'' ("Liberating Revolution"), a military coup better known by Peronists as the ''Revolución Fusiladora'' ("Shooting Revolution") for obvious reasons. | On June 1955, members of an ultra-Catholic faction of the Air Force wrote ''Cristo Vence'' ("Christ is Victorious") on their airplanes and decided to rebel against the Peronist regime by [[Bombing of Plaza de Mayo|bombing Plaza de Mayo]], an important square in Buenos Aires adjacent to the Casa Rosada presidential palace, killing hundreds of innocent civilians. The attempted coup failed, anti-Catholic riots and [[church burning]]s by Perón supporters followed, but the dictator was finished. He was overthrown three months later by the so-called ''[[Revolución Libertadora]]'' ("Liberating Revolution"), a military coup better known by Peronists as the ''Revolución Fusiladora'' ("Shooting Revolution") for obvious reasons. | ||
===[[Exile]] === | ===[[Exile]] === | ||
The ''Libertadora'' went to extreme lengths to destroy Perón and his legacy. Not only did they attempt to kill the exiled Perón with a car bomb (twice), they also executed hundreds of suspected Peronist sympathizers, renamed or banned all Peronist organizations, [[book burning|burned books]] and portraits of Perón and Evita, and made it illegal to even mention Perón's name. | The ''Libertadora'' went to extreme lengths to destroy Perón and his legacy. Not only did they attempt to kill the exiled Perón with a car bomb (twice), they also executed hundreds of suspected Peronist sympathizers, renamed or banned all Peronist organizations, [[book burning|burned books]] and portraits of Perón and Evita, and made it illegal to even mention Perón's name. | ||
Evita's embalmed body was removed by the military junta from its resting place (the CGT headquarters), and the corpse was urinated on, mutilated and sexually abused; it would later be taken to Milan, Italy, and buried in secret under a fake name for almost 15 years. They also exaggerated Perón's crimes and sought to portray him as a degenerate monster, although they also legitimately exposed some dark aspects of Perón, like, for example, his [[pedophilia|sexual relationship with a thirteen-year-old girl]]. | Evita's embalmed body was removed by the military junta from its resting place (the CGT headquarters), and the corpse was urinated on, mutilated and [[Necrophilia|sexually abused]]; it would later be taken to Milan, Italy, and buried in secret under a fake name for almost 15 years. They also exaggerated Perón's crimes and sought to portray him as a degenerate monster, although they also legitimately exposed some dark aspects of Perón, like, for example, his [[pedophilia|sexual relationship with a thirteen-year-old girl]]. | ||
Juan Perón would spend the next 18 years in exile as guest of some of the most infamous tyrants in Ibero-American history: [[Alfredo Stroessner]] in Paraguay, [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] in Nicaragua, [[Marcos Pérez Jiménez]] in Venezuela, [[Rafael Trujillo]] in the Dominican Republic, and [[Francisco Franco]] in Spain. The only democratic (although heavily militarized and US-controlled) country he lived in was Panama, where he met his third wife, Argentine dancer María Estela Martínez, later known as Isabel Perón. | Juan Perón would spend the next 18 years in exile as guest of some of the most infamous tyrants in Ibero-American history: [[Alfredo Stroessner]] in Paraguay, [[Anastasio Somoza Debayle]] in Nicaragua, [[Marcos Pérez Jiménez]] in Venezuela, [[Rafael Trujillo]] in the Dominican Republic, and [[Francisco Franco]] in Spain. The only democratic (although heavily militarized and US-controlled) country he lived in was Panama, where he met his third wife, Argentine dancer María Estela Martínez, later known as Isabel Perón. |