Editing Karl Fiehler (section)

===Munich under the "Hakenkreuz": Fiehler as Lord Mayor===

On 9 March 1933 the [[Sturmabteilung|SA]] occupied the Munich town hall and unfurled the [[swastika]] flag. Despite the then First Mayor [[Karl Scharnagl]], who belonged to the conservative ''[[Bavarian People's Party]] (BVP)'' and who defied the new rulers for eleven days on the top of the old city administration, eventually however, on 20 March 1933 he ''"had to yield to force"''. On this day [[Adolf Wagner]], Nazi Home Secretary of the [[Bavaria|Free State of Bavaria]] and ''"[[Gauleiter]]"'' of Munich and [[Upper Bavaria]], appointed Karl Fiehler Provisional First Mayor and on 20 May 1933 Fiehler got the title ''"Oberbürgermeister"'' ({{lang-en|Lord Mayor}}), a title that did not exist in Munich at that time.

All parties and organizations opposing the political ''"[[Gleichschaltung]]"'' ({{lang-en|enforced conformity}}) were forbidden as a result of the National Socialist takeover, in Munich as well as throughout Germany. The ''"[[Book burning]]"'' ({{lang-de|Bücherverbrennung}}) on the ''"[[Königsplatz, Munich|Königsplatz]]" Square'' in front of the ''"[[Staatliche Antikensammlung]]"'' ({{lang-en|Antiquity Collection}}) on 10 May 1933, the persecution of ''"non-folkish"'' ([[German language|German:]] ''"nicht-[[Völkisch movement|völkisch]]"'') writers, artists and scientists caused an exodus of Munich's intellectual elite. [[Thomas Mann]] and his family did not return from a journey abroad. On 22 March 1933 the Provisional Chief Constable of Munich, Heinrich Himmler, inaugurated the [[Dachau concentration camp]].

In 1933 the ''"German Association of Cities"'' ([[German language|German]]: ''"[http://www.staedtetag.de/ Deutscher Städtetag]"'') was forced to merge with other municipal umbrella organizations to form the ''"Deutscher Gemeindetag"'' ({{lang-en|German Local Authorities Association}}). Karl Fiehler, the influential Lord Mayor of Munich, was appointed chairman of this unity organization. The administrative office was situated on ''Alsenstraße'' in [[Berlin]] district "[[Tiergarten]]". On 2 August 1935 a memorable conversation took place between Adolf Hitler and Karl Fiehler in the course of which Munich got a strange new [[epithet]]: ''"Hauptstadt der Bewegung"'' ({{lang-en|Capital of the Movement}}). This "title" was given to remind the Germans of the NSDAP origins in Bavaria's metropolis.

During the 1930s a number of model buildings, prime examples of grandiose Nazi architecture, had been erected by [[Paul Troost|Paul Ludwig Troost]], the predecessor of [[Albert Speer]] as Hitler's ''"Court Master Builder"'', in Munich. A radical remodelling of Munich was intended, which Karl Fiehler wanted to illustrate as editor of the pictorial book ''"München baut auf. Ein Tatsachen- und Bildbericht über den nationalsozialistischen Aufbau in der Hauptstadt der Bewegung"'' ([[English language|English]]: ''"Munich establishes. A factual and pictorial report about the National Socialist reconstruction in the Capital of the Movement"''). By amalgamations on a grand scale, particularly in the west (''"Pasing"'' district), the Munich population figure increased considerably from 746,000 (1936) to 889,000 (1943). Nevertheless, major projects like the relocation of the Munich Central Station to ''"Laim"'' district, did not get beyond the planning stage.