Marien Ngouabi

“

"When your country is dirty and lacks lasting peace, it cannot achieve its cleanliness and its unity other than by washing it with your blood."

„

Marien Ngouabi Full Name: Marien Nguoabi Origin: Cuvette French Congo Hobby: anti-colonial activist Crimes: Totalitarism Summary executions of conspirators Type of Villain: African dictator and activist against Colonialism

Marien Ngouabi (December 31, 1938, March 18, 1977) was the President of the People's Republic of the Congo from January 1, 1969 to March 18, 1977.

Political trajectory

Marien Ngouabi was born in 1938 in Ombellé, Cuvette department, in Mboshi territory. His family was of humble origin. From 1947 to 1953 he attended primary school in Ovando (capital of the Cuvette department). In 1953 he entered the École des Enfants de troupes Général Leclerc (in Brazzaville) and in 1957 he was sent to Bouar (Oubangui-Chari), currently in the Central African Republic.

After serving in Cameroon (between 1958 and 1960), Ngouabi went to the Ecole Militaire préparatoire (Preparatory Military School) in Strasbourg (France), and in 1961 at the Inter-arms school (in Coëtquidan Saint-Cyr). In 1962 he returned to the Congo as a second lieutenant and was assigned to the Pointe-Noire garrison. In 1963 Marien Ngouabi was promoted to Lieutenant.

Ngouabi's consolidation of power faced multiple attempts at destabilization. In February 1969, he reorganized the Army and created a Revolutionary Court of Justice, responsible for judging those who have carried out activities detrimental to the proper functioning of the MNR since 1963. A few days later, Mouzabakani, suspected of planning once, is arrested. in the company of other officers. In 1973 there was another failed coup attempt, for which Pascal Lissouba was accused of involvement, and arrested.

Bureaucratic centralism, repression and "communism" of the party-state apparatus, the nguabi's tribalist orientation towards Mboshi and La Cuvette immigrants created opposition within the Communist Party itself, especially its youth organization. In the fall of 1971, the student and school strikes in Brazzaville and Pointe Noire began, severely repressed by the authorities. The situation in the country was severely destabilized. At a special plenary meeting convened by the CPT Central Committee, a group of influential figures opposed the country's leader: former prime ministers Ambrosio Numazalai and Alfred Raul, former minister Bernard Combo-Matsiona, vice president, member of the political bureau of the CPT and head of the Political Direction of the Army Ange Diavara. and several others. However, Nguabi remained in control of the situation, trusting the support of the Army Chief of Staff, Joaquín Yombi-Opango, and his deputy Denis Sassu-Nguesso.

In early March 1977, Ngouabi received a letter from his predecessor, Alphonse Massamba-Débat. The latter advised him to resign, because the gravity of the country's situation required it.7 On March 3, Ngouabi received the former president and his wife in audience. A few days later, at a public meeting organized by the URMC, he charged French imperialism, which he accused as being responsible for the Congo's economic difficulties.