Mohammad Najibullah: Difference between revisions
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|hobby =translate Peter Hopkirk's book The great game into his mother tongue |skills = could summon the Soviets because of their communist influence}} | |hobby =translate Peter Hopkirk's book The great game into his mother tongue |skills = could summon the Soviets because of their communist influence}} | ||
{{quote|I didn't want to be president, you talked me into it, insisted on it, and promised support. Now you are throwing me and the Republic of Afghanistan to its fate.|Mohammad Najibullah}} | {{quote|I didn't want to be president, you talked me into it, insisted on it, and promised support. Now you are throwing me and the Republic of Afghanistan to its fate.|Mohammad Najibullah}} | ||
'''Najibullah Ahmadzai''' (Pashto/Persian: نجیب ﷲ احمدزی; 6 August 1947 – 27 September 1996), commonly known as '''Najibullah''' or '''Dr. Najib''', was the President of Afghanistan from 1987 until 1992, when the mujahideen took over Kabul. | '''Najibullah Ahmadzai''' (Pashto/Persian: نجیب ﷲ احمدزی; 6 August 1947 – 27 September 1996), commonly known as '''Najibullah''' or '''Dr. Najib''', was the President of Afghanistan from 1987 until 1992, when the mujahideen took over Kabul. | ||
==Biography== | ==Biography== | ||
Najibullah was born in 6 august 1947 in the city of Kabul, in the Kingdom of Afghanistan. His ancestral village is located between the towns of Said Karam and Gardēz in Paktia Province, this place is known as Mehlan. He was educated at Habibia High School in Kabul, St. Joseph's School in Baramulla, India and Kabul University, where he graduated with a doctor degree in medicine in 1975. He belongs to the Ahmadzai sub-tribe of the Ghilzai Pashtun tribe in Gardiz. | Najibullah was born in 6 august 1947 in the city of Kabul, in the Kingdom of Afghanistan. His ancestral village is located between the towns of Said Karam and Gardēz in Paktia Province, this place is known as Mehlan. He was educated at Habibia High School in Kabul, St. Joseph's School in Baramulla, India and Kabul University, where he graduated with a doctor degree in medicine in 1975. He belongs to the Ahmadzai sub-tribe of the Ghilzai Pashtun tribe in Gardiz. | ||
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The 1990 constitution declared that Afghanistan was an Islamic state, and the last references to communism were eliminated. Article 1 of the 1990 Constitution said that Afghanistan was an "independent, unitary and Islamic state." | The 1990 constitution declared that Afghanistan was an Islamic state, and the last references to communism were eliminated. Article 1 of the 1990 Constitution said that Afghanistan was an "independent, unitary and Islamic state." | ||
Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px|the end of najibullah]]After a failed attempt to flee to India, Najibullah remained in Kabul living in the United Nations headquarters until 1996, when the [[Taliban]] movement took Kabul. The Taliban abducted Najibullah and his brother from UN custody in the early morning hours of 27 September, they were taken to a house dependent on the Pakistani ISI, where they offered him the post of president of the new regime in exchange for signing a treaty to recognize the southern border of Afghanistan, the "Durand line". This was not recognized by Afghans as the legitimate border and signing that treaty would have been a serious betrayal, eventually their ideals rejected the option and then was severely beaten [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYGp_5gt00s&has_verified=1 was severely beaten and castrated too later tie him o a truck], his brother received a more lenient treatment, there they tied Najibullah to the back of a van where it was exhibited until it was taken to a public square where they were hanged both there bastardized the body of najibullah by placing cigarettes and bills in their hands. | Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px|the end of najibullah]]After a failed attempt to flee to India, Najibullah remained in Kabul living in the United Nations headquarters until 1996, when the [[Taliban]] movement took Kabul. The Taliban abducted Najibullah and his brother from UN custody in the early morning hours of 27 September, they were taken to a house dependent on the Pakistani ISI, where they offered him the post of president of the new regime in exchange for signing a treaty to recognize the southern border of Afghanistan, the "Durand line". This was not recognized by Afghans as the legitimate border and signing that treaty would have been a serious betrayal, eventually their ideals rejected the option and then was severely beaten [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYGp_5gt00s&has_verified=1 was severely beaten and castrated too later tie him o a truck], his brother received a more lenient treatment, there they tied Najibullah to the back of a van where it was exhibited until it was taken to a public square where they were hanged both there bastardized the body of najibullah by placing cigarettes and bills in their hands. | ||
By the 21st century however, public opinion turned positive and he is now seen to have been a strong and patriotic leader with a "normal" regime compared to his PDPA predecessors and the mayhem that happened after his ousting. In 2017 a pro-Najibist Watan Party was created as a continuation of Najibullah's party. | By the 21st century however, public opinion turned positive and he is now seen to have been a strong and patriotic leader with a "normal" regime compared to his PDPA predecessors and the mayhem that happened after his ousting. In 2017 a pro-Najibist Watan Party was created as a continuation of Najibullah's party. | ||
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[[Category:Torturer]] | [[Category:Torturer]] | ||
[[Category:Destroyer of Innocence]] | [[Category:Destroyer of Innocence]] | ||
[[Category:Communist]] | [[Category:Communist]] | ||