Mohammad Najibullah: Difference between revisions

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During his tenure as leader of Afghanistan, the Soviets began their withdrawal, and from 1989 until 1992, his government tried to solve the ongoing [[Civil War|civil war]] without Soviet troops on the ground. While direct Soviet assistance ended with the withdrawal, the Soviet Union still supported Najibullah with economic and military aid, while Pakistan and the United States continued its support for the mujahideen.

[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px]]Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.

The 1990 constitution declared that Afghanistan was an Islamic state, and the last references to communism were eliminated. Article 1 of the 1990 Constitution said that Afghanistan was an "independent, unitary and Islamic state."[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px]]Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.

After a failed attempt to flee to India, Najibullah remained in Kabul living in the United Nations headquarters until 1996, when the [[Taliban]] movement took Kabul. The Taliban abducted Najibullah and his brother from UN custody in the early morning hours of 27 September, [[torture]]d both of them and hanged their bodies from a traffic post the next day.

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 During his tenure as leader of Afghanistan, the Soviets began their withdrawal, and from 1989 until 1992, his government tried to solve the ongoing [[Civil War|civil war]] without Soviet troops on the ground. While direct Soviet assistance ended with the withdrawal, the Soviet Union still supported Najibullah with economic and military aid, while Pakistan and the United States continued its support for the mujahideen.
-[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px]]Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.
+The 1990 constitution declared that Afghanistan was an Islamic state, and the last references to communism were eliminated. Article 1 of the 1990 Constitution said that Afghanistan was an "independent, unitary and Islamic state."[[File:Taliban-1-former-afghan-president-najibullah-is-hanged-in-kabul 182.jpg|thumb|301x301px]]Throughout his tenure, he tried to build support for his government via the National Reconciliation reforms by distancing from [[communism]] in favor of Afghan nationalism, abolishing the one-party state and letting non-communists join the government. He remained open to dialogue with the mujahideen and other groups, made Islam an official religion, and invited exiled businessmen back to re-take their properties. In the 1990 constitution all references to communism were removed and Islam became the state religion. These changes, coupled with others, did not win Najibullah any significant support due to his role at KHAD. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991, Najibullah was left without foreign aid. This, coupled with the internal collapse of his government, led to his resignation in April 1992.
 After a failed attempt to flee to India, Najibullah remained in Kabul living in the United Nations headquarters until 1996, when the [[Taliban]] movement took Kabul. The Taliban abducted Najibullah and his brother from UN custody in the early morning hours of 27 September, [[torture]]d both of them and hanged their bodies from a traffic post the next day.