National Socialist Workers Party of Chile
Movimiento Nacional Socialista de Chile was a political movement in Chile which initially supported the ideas of Adolf Hitler, although it later moved towards a more local form of fascism.
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History edit
Creation of the Movement edit
The movement was formed on the 5th April 1932 by General Diaz Valderrama, Carlos Keller (the main ideologue of the group) and Jorge González von Marées. It received financial support from the German population of Chile and soon built up a membership of 20,000 people.
Activities in the Chilean politics edit
The party obtained three deputies during the 1937 parliamentary elections. Then, it merged in 1938 with the "Socialist Union" to create the "Alianza Popular Libertadora" (APL) which supported General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's candidacy for the 1938 presidential election.
The fascist elements of the movement attempted a coup in September 1938, which was ruthlessly put down at the Seguro Obrero massacre, and led Ibáñez to oppose the National Socialists' choice of Gustavo Ross, leading to indirect support of the Radical Party's candidate, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, who narrowly won the election. In 1939, some members of the APL created an offshoot, the fascist "Vanguardia Popular Socialista", which failed to have any impact, and it was disbanded in 1941. On the other hand, the APL merged in 1945 with the Agrarian Party to form the "Partido Agrario Laborista" (PAL).
End of the movement edit
Then, in 1938 the group was dissolved and was followed Vanguardia Popular Socialista.
Ideology edit
The party initially followed the ideas of Nazism and was very renounced for its anti-Semitism. The movement stressed what it saw as the need for one party rule, corporatism and solidarity between classes. However, the movement abandoned Nazism and anti-Semitism in favor of a simple fascism.