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Rwandan Genocide
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===Origins of the tension between Hutus and Tutsis=== During the period when Rwanda was a Belgian colony, the Tutsi ruled the region on Belgium's behalf. Belgium considered Tutsis to be genetically superior to Hutus, and often the ruling Tutsi elite would take Hutus as slaves. This practice continued for many years.<ref name = difference>[https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/africa-july-dec99-rwanda_10-08#:~:text=Generally%20speaking%2C%20Hutus%20were%20an,some%20four%20hundred%20years%20ago. The Heart of the Hutu-Tutsi Conflict], ''PBS Newshour''</ref> In the 1960's, the Hutus rebelled against colonial rule, with [[Grégoire Kayibanda]] and his [[Parmehutu]] party eventually taking power.<ref>[https://www.onwar.com/data/rwanda1959.html Revolution in Rwanda 1959-1961], ''OnWar.com''</ref> The Parmehutu regime perpetrated numerous mass killings against Tutsis during their years in power, planting the seeds for the tension between the two ethnic groups.<ref name = roots>[https://www.nybooks.com/articles/2021/06/10/roots-of-rwanda-genocide/?lp_txn_id=1427539 The Roots of Rwanda’s Genocide], ''The New York Review''</ref> Also, in neighbouring Burundi, [[Michel Micombero]], a Tutsi, seized power in 1966. During his years in power, Burundian Hutus were persecuted and discriminated against, which encouraged anti-Tutsi sentiment in Rwanda. This was increased when Micombero perpetrated the genocide known as the ''[[Ikiza]]'' in an attempt to eliminate Burundi's Hutu population.<ref>[https://www.sciencespo.fr/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance/en/document/burundi-killings-1972.html The Burundi Killings of 1972], Sciences Po</ref> Anti-Tutsi sentiment further grew in 1993 when [https://real-life-heroes.fandom.com/wiki/Melchior_Ndadaye Melchior Ndadaye], Burundi's first Hutu President, was assassinated by Tutsi hardliners within the army.<ref>[https://www.theafricareport.com/144924/burundi-who-benefited-from-the-killing-of-president-melchior-ndadaye/ Burundi: Who benefited from the killing of President Melchior Ndadaye?], ''The Africa Report''</ref>
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