Editing Scramble for Africa (section)

== Atrocities ==
=== United Kingdom ===
{{Quote|I contend that we are the first race in the world, and that the more of the world we inhabit the better it is for the human race. If there be a God, I think that what he would like me to do is paint as much of the map of Africa British Red as possible.|[[Cecil Rhodes]].}}
As the British began settling in South Africa, they clashed with the local Afrikaner people living there, starting the [[Boer Wars]]. During the wars, the British murdered civilians and put them into [[concentration camp]]s.

In 1897, the British army under the command of Admiral [[Harry Rawson]] orchestrated the [[Benin Expedition]], during which the British soldiers massacred hundreds of civilians, captured the king and burned the capital city to the ground before annexing it into colonial Nigeria.

During the administration of [[Cecil Rhodes]], native South Africans were ethnically cleansed from their lands and several laws were passed that systematically barred blacks from the right to vote and control their lands. In Rhodesia, Nedbele women were commonly raped by white settlers and police officers.

=== France ===
{{Quote|By 1875, the French conquest was complete. The war had killed approximately 825,000 indigenous Algerians since 1830. A long shadow of genocidal hatred persisted, provoking a French author to protest in 1882 that in Algeria, "we hear it repeated every day that we must expel the native and if necessary destroy him." As a French statistical journal urged five years late, "the system of extermination must give way to a policy of penetration."|Ben Kiernan; ''Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from Sparta to Darfur''.}}
During the [[Pacification of Algeria]], French soldiers began a series of genocidal campaigns against the indigenous tribes of Algeria, resulting in the deaths of 825,000 Algerians.

=== Germany ===
{{Quote|I believe that the nation as such should be annihilated, or, if this was not possible by tactical measures, have to be expelled from the country. This will be possible if the water-holes from Grootfontein to Gobabis are occupied. The constant movement of our troops will enable us to find the small groups of this nation who have moved backwards and destroy them gradually.|[[Lothar von Trotha]].}}
After a series of rebellions, such as the Herero wars and the Maji-Maji rebellion, German soldiers under the orders of General [[Lothar von Trotha]] orchestrated a genocide against the Herero and Namaqua people of Namibia between 1904 and 1908, where the soldiers systematically starved their victims and forced them into [[Concentration camp|concentration camps]] in order to make way for German settlers. 175,000 people were estimated to be killed by von Trotha's troops.

=== Belgium ===
{{Quote|He hadn’t made his rubber quota for the day so the Belgian-appointed overseers had cut off his daughter’s hand and foot. Her name was Boali. She was five years old. Then they killed her. But they weren’t finished. Then they killed his wife too. And because that didn’t seem quite cruel enough, quite strong enough to make their case, they cannibalized both Boali and her mother. And they presented Nsala with the tokens, the leftovers from the once living body of his darling child whom he so loved. His life was destroyed. They had partially destroyed it anyway by forcing his servitude but this act finished it for him. All of this filth had occurred because one man, one man who lived thousands of miles across the sea, one man who couldn’t get rich enough, had decreed that this land was his and that these people should serve his own greed. Leopold had not given any thought to the idea that these African children, these men and women, were our fully human brothers, created equally by the same Hand that had created his own lineage of European Royalty.|A photographer documenting [[Leopold II of Belgium|King Leopold II]]'s atrocities.}}
Under the reign of King Leopold II, Belgian forces enslaved local Congolese citizens to collect rubber. Many of the Congolese slaves died from disease, while others were brutally [[murder]]ed and [[rape]]d by Belgian soldiers and the [[Force Publique]]. It is estimated that a total of 15,000,000 people died under King Leopold's rule. This brutality would end when the atrocities were exposed and King Leopold was forced to transfer ownership of his colony to the Belgian parliament in 1908.

=== Italy ===
After Italian colonial forces succeeded in conquering Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, they tried to invade Ethiopia, resulting in the First Italo-Abyssinian War of 1895, to which the Ethiopians were successful in driving the Italians out. 40 years later, under the orders of [[Benito Mussolini]], Italian soldiers engaged in the Second Italo-Ethiopian War, to which they were successful in winning the war and annexing Ethiopia.

=== Portugal ===
Due to a series of attacks on settlements by various local tribes in Angola, Portuguese forces waged war against the Kwanhama and Dembos tribes and raided their villages before finally defeating them.

=== Spain ===
After the successful annexation of Western Sahara, a series of rebellions by local Sahrawi tribes took place against Spanish soldiers. In retaliation, the Spanish, with the help of the French, succeeded in crushing the Harakat Tahrir movement and [[Kidnapping|kidnapped]] their leader, Muhammed Bassiri.