Editing Shining Path
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The Shining Path first established a foothold at San Cristóbal of Huamanga University, in Ayacucho, where Guzmán taught philosophy. The university had recently reopened after being closed for about half a century, and many students of the newly educated class adopted the Shining Path's radical ideology. Between 1973 and 1975, Shining Path members gained control of the student councils at the Universities of Huancayo and La Cantuta, and they also developed a significant presence at the National University of Engineering in Lima and the National University of San Marcos. Sometime later, it lost many student elections in the universities, including Guzmán's San Cristóbal of Huamanga. It decided to abandon recruiting at the universities and reconsolidate. | The Shining Path first established a foothold at San Cristóbal of Huamanga University, in Ayacucho, where Guzmán taught philosophy. The university had recently reopened after being closed for about half a century, and many students of the newly educated class adopted the Shining Path's radical ideology. Between 1973 and 1975, Shining Path members gained control of the student councils at the Universities of Huancayo and La Cantuta, and they also developed a significant presence at the National University of Engineering in Lima and the National University of San Marcos. Sometime later, it lost many student elections in the universities, including Guzmán's San Cristóbal of Huamanga. It decided to abandon recruiting at the universities and reconsolidate. | ||
Beginning on March 17, 1980, the Shining Path held a series of clandestine meetings in Ayacucho, known as the Central Committee's second plenary. It formed a "Revolutionary Directorate" that was political and military in nature and ordered its militias to transfer to strategic areas in the provinces to start the "armed struggle", despite the revisionism instituted in China by | Beginning on March 17, 1980, the Shining Path held a series of clandestine meetings in Ayacucho, known as the Central Committee's second plenary. It formed a "Revolutionary Directorate" that was political and military in nature and ordered its militias to transfer to strategic areas in the provinces to start the "armed struggle", despite the revisionism instituted in China by Deng Xiaoping and its economic success since 1978. The group also held its "First Military School", where members were instructed in military tactics and the use of weapons. They also engaged in "Criticism and Self-criticism", a Maoist practice intended to purge bad habits and avoid the repetition of mistakes. During the existence of the First Military School, members of the Central Committee came under heavy criticism. Guzmán did not, and he emerged from the First Military School as the clear leader of the Shining Path. In 1992, Guzmán and other leaders of the Shining Path received life imprisonment sentences for their role in the [[Lucanamarca Massacre]], among other charges. | ||
During its heyday, the Shining Path committed a long series of atrocities against civilians, mainly peasants, which included the multiple use of car bombs, rape of women, and multiple mass murders. In general, it is considered that the Shining Path is the main responsible for the destabilization and violence in Peru during the 1980s and 1990s. Among its most infamous acts, is the so-called "Asháninka Holocaust" where the Shining Path murdered 6000 Asháninka indigenous people, practically committing [[genocide]]. The Shining Path also maintained a strong rivalry with the [[MRTA]], another terrorist group with a [[Che Guevara|Guevarist]] ideology. | During its heyday, the Shining Path committed a long series of atrocities against civilians, mainly peasants, which included the multiple use of car bombs, rape of women, and multiple mass murders. In general, it is considered that the Shining Path is the main responsible for the destabilization and violence in Peru during the 1980s and 1990s. Among its most infamous acts, is the so-called "Asháninka Holocaust" where the Shining Path murdered 6000 Asháninka indigenous people, practically committing [[genocide]]. The Shining Path also maintained a strong rivalry with the [[MRTA]], another terrorist group with a [[Che Guevara|Guevarist]] ideology. | ||