Shining Path: Difference between revisions
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{{Evil Organization | {{Evil Organization | ||
|Box title = Evil Organization | |Box title = Evil Organization | ||
| | |Image = Shiningpathflag.png | ||
|fullname = Shining Path | |fullname = Shining Path | ||
|alias = Communist Party of Peru<br>Sendero Luminoso<br>PCP | |alias = Communist Party of Peru<br>Sendero Luminoso<br>PCP | ||
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|type of villains = Anarchists}} | |type of villains = Anarchists}} | ||
{{Quote|We practice selective annihilation of mayors and government officials, for example, to create a vacuum, then we fill that vacuum. As popular war advances, peace is closer.|Unidentified Shining Path officer.}} | {{Quote|We practice selective annihilation of mayors and government officials, for example, to create a vacuum, then we fill that vacuum. As popular war advances, peace is closer.|Unidentified Shining Path officer.}} | ||
'''Shining Path '''(Spanish: ''Sendero Luminoso''), also known as the '''Communist Party of Peru''', was a communist guerrilla and terrorist organization in Peru. The goal of Shining Path is establish a Maoist and dictatorship state in Peru. They were the main cause of Internal Conflict in Peru (1980-2000). The organization was founded by [[Abimael Guzmán]] in 1980. They have been known to engage in [[Illegal Drug Trade|drug trafficking]] and other related activities. | '''Shining Path '''(Spanish: ''Sendero Luminoso''), also known as the '''Communist Party of Peru''', was a communist guerrilla and terrorist organization in Peru. The goal of Shining Path is establish a Maoist and dictatorship state in Peru. They were the main cause of [[Internal Conflict in Peru]] (1980-2000). The organization was founded by [[Abimael Guzmán]] in 1980. They have been known to engage in [[Illegal Drug Trade|drug trafficking]] and other related activities. | ||
Widely condemned for its brutality, including violence deployed against peasants, multiple acts of mass [[murder]], killing of trade union organizers, elected officials and the general civilian population, the Shining Path is regarded by Peru as a terrorist organization, having committed numerous human rights abuses and [[war crimes]]. Japan, the United States, the European Union, and Canada likewise classify the group as a terrorist organization and prohibit funding and other financial support. | Widely condemned for its brutality, including violence deployed against peasants, multiple acts of mass [[murder]], killing of trade union organizers, elected officials and the general civilian population, the Shining Path is regarded by Peru as a terrorist organization, having committed numerous human rights abuses and [[war crimes]]. Japan, the United States, the European Union, and Canada likewise classify the group as a terrorist organization and prohibit funding and other financial support. | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
The Shining Path was founded in 1969 by Abimael Guzmán, a former university philosophy professor (his followers referred to him by his ''nom de guerre'' Presidente Gonzalo), and a group of 11 others. His teachings created the foundation of its militant Maoist doctrine. It was an offshoot of the Communist Party of Peru — Bandera Roja (red flag), which in turn split from the original Peruvian Communist Party, a derivation of the Peruvian Socialist Party founded by José Carlos Mariátegui in 1928. | The Shining Path was founded in 1969 by [[Abimael Guzmán]], a former university philosophy professor (his followers referred to him by his ''nom de guerre'' Presidente Gonzalo), and a group of 11 others. His teachings created the foundation of its militant Maoist doctrine. It was an offshoot of the Communist Party of Peru — Bandera Roja (red flag), which in turn split from the original Peruvian Communist Party, a derivation of the Peruvian Socialist Party founded by José Carlos Mariátegui in 1928. | ||
The Shining Path first established a foothold at San Cristóbal of Huamanga University, in Ayacucho, where Guzmán taught philosophy. The university had recently reopened after being closed for about half a century, and many students of the newly educated class adopted the Shining Path's radical ideology. Between 1973 and 1975, Shining Path members gained control of the student councils at the Universities of Huancayo and La Cantuta, and they also developed a significant presence at the National University of Engineering in Lima and the National University of San Marcos. Sometime later, it lost many student elections in the universities, including Guzmán's San Cristóbal of Huamanga. It decided to abandon recruiting at the universities and reconsolidate. | The Shining Path first established a foothold at San Cristóbal of Huamanga University, in Ayacucho, where Guzmán taught philosophy. The university had recently reopened after being closed for about half a century, and many students of the newly educated class adopted the Shining Path's radical ideology. Between 1973 and 1975, Shining Path members gained control of the student councils at the Universities of Huancayo and La Cantuta, and they also developed a significant presence at the National University of Engineering in Lima and the National University of San Marcos. Sometime later, it lost many student elections in the universities, including Guzmán's San Cristóbal of Huamanga. It decided to abandon recruiting at the universities and reconsolidate. | ||
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At the same time, the Shining Path suffered embarrassing military defeats to self-defense organizations of rural campesinos — supposedly its social base. When Guzmán called for peace talks, the organization fractured into splinter groups, with some Shining Path members in favor of such talks and others opposed. Guzmán's role as the leader of the Shining Path was taken over by [[Óscar Ramírez]], who himself was captured by Peruvian authorities in 1999. After Ramírez's capture, the group splintered, guerrilla activity diminished sharply, and peace returned to the areas where the Shining Path had been active. | At the same time, the Shining Path suffered embarrassing military defeats to self-defense organizations of rural campesinos — supposedly its social base. When Guzmán called for peace talks, the organization fractured into splinter groups, with some Shining Path members in favor of such talks and others opposed. Guzmán's role as the leader of the Shining Path was taken over by [[Óscar Ramírez]], who himself was captured by Peruvian authorities in 1999. After Ramírez's capture, the group splintered, guerrilla activity diminished sharply, and peace returned to the areas where the Shining Path had been active. | ||
At present, there is a small cell of the Shining Path in the [[VRAEM]] area, which is mainly dedicated to drug trafficking. | |||
[[Category:Terrorists]] | [[Category:Terrorists]] | ||
[[Category:List]] | [[Category:List]] | ||