Editing Taliban

{{Important}}
{{Evil Organization
|Box title    = Evil Organization
|Image        = Flag of the Taliban.svg
|size   = 
|fullname = Taliban
|alias = Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
|origin = Kandahar City, Kandahar Province, Afghanistan
|foundation = October 10, 1994
|headquarters = Kabul, Afghanistan (2021 - present)<br>Quetta, Pakistan (2001 - 2021)<br>Kandahar, Afghanistan (1994 - 2001)
|commanders = [[Hibatullah Akhundzada]] (2016 - present)<br>[[Akhtar Mansour]] (2013 - 2016)<br>[[Mohammed Omar]] (1994 - 2013)
|agents = [[Mohammad Rabbani]]<br>[[Abdul Ghani Baradar]]<br>[[Abdur Razzaq]]<br>[[Obaidullah Akhund]]<br>[[Mansoor Dadullah]]<br>[[Dadullah Akhund]]<br>[[Qari Zain]]<br>[[Sirajuddin Haqqani]]
|skills = Military training 
|goals = Enforce their interpretation of Sharia Law in the Middle East and South-Central Asia (failed)<br>Restore the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (successful)<br>Lift the banning of traditional music and allow female students to return to secondary schools (both succeeded)
|type of villains = Fanatical Tribal Terrorists|crimes = [[Crimes against humanity]]<br>[[Human Trafficking|Human trafficking]]<br>[[Illegal Drug Trade|Drug trafficking]]<br>[[Terrorism]]<br>[[War crimes]]<br>[[Torture]]<br>[[Ethnic cleansing]]<br>Mutilation<br>[[Rape]]<br>[[Genocide]]<br>[[Americophobia]]<br>[[Misogyny]]<br>[[Anglophobia]]<br>Mass [[murder]]<br>[[Kidnapping]]<br>[[Anti-Semitism]]<br>[[Homophobia]]<br>[[Biphobia]]<br>[[Transphobia]]<br>[[Xenophobia]]<br>
|Agents=200,000|type of villain=Fanatical Tribal Terrorists}}
{{Quote|We will turn our motherland into the graveyard of the U.S forces and their families should wait for their dead bodies. The Taliban's war is only for the freedom of Afghanistan from the enemies of Muslims.|[[Dadullah Akhund]], the Taliban's former military chief.}}
The '''Taliban''' (Pashto: طالبان‎, ''ṭālibān'' "students") is an Afghanistan-based Islamic fundamentalist terrorist organization founded by former mujahideen commanders [[Mohammed Omar]] and [[Abdul Ghani Baradar]] in 1994. 

Considered to be one of the most dangerous terrorist organizations in the world, the Taliban have spent a majority of their existence fighting for the goal of turning Afghanistan into a jihadist state. They ruled the country from 1996 to 2001 before being overthrown by NATO forces at the beginning of the [[War in Afghanistan]], but returned to power in 2021.

==History==
===Early years===
The Taliban was founded by Mullah [[Mohammed Omar]] in Kandahar, Afghanistan in 1994. Within months, 15,000 students, often Afghan refugees from religious schools or madrasas in Pakistan, joined the group.

The US government covertly provided violent schoolbooks filled with militant Islamic teachings and jihad and images of weapons and soldiers in an effort to inculcate in children anti-Soviet insurgency and hate for foreigners. The Taliban used the American textbooks but scratched out human faces in keeping with strict fundamentalist interpretation. The United States Agency for International Development gave millions of dollars to the University of Nebraska at Omaha in the 1980s to develop and publish the textbooks in local languages.

Early Taliban were motivated by the suffering among the Afghan people, which they believed resulted from power struggles between Afghan groups not adhering to the moral code of Islam; in their religious schools they had been taught a belief in strict Islamic law.

On 3 November 1994, the Taliban, in a surprise attack, conquered Kandahar City. Before 4 January 1995, they controlled 12 Afghan provinces.

===First Islamic Emirate===
The Taliban were successful in 1996 in becoming the principal governing body in Afghanistan, shortly after [[kidnapping]], [[torture|torturing]], and brutally [[murder]]ing former President of Afghanistan [[Mohammad Najibullah]]. Known as the '''Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan''' (a name that the group still calls itself), the Taliban remained in power for five years, establishing themselves as a totalitarian regime that enforced a strict interpretation of Sharia Law. 

Under its rule, the people of Afghanistan suffered numerous severe human rights abuses. Women and girls were forbidden from getting jobs or attending school, massive taxes were imposed on corporations, which would be punished if they weren't paid, severe corporal or capital punishment, such as death by [[stoning]], was carried out against those who didn't abide by their fundamentalist beliefs, and many more.

The Taliban also profited from opium trade, having made $40 million annually. 

===Downfall and insurgency===
The Taliban were overthrown by a U.S.-lead NATO coalition in 2001 following the beginning of the War in Afghanistan. Despite this, they have continued to wage war against American forces the Middle East as part of the ongoing War on Terror. Recently, the Taliban has attempted to negotiate peace with Afghanistan and NATO, but as of November 2020 attacks continue despite these efforts.

As of July 2016, the US ''Time'' magazine estimated 20% of Afghanistan to be under Taliban control with southernmost Helmand Province as their stronghold, while US and international Resolute Support coalition commander General Nicholson in December 2016 likewise stated that 10% was in Taliban hands while another 26% of Afghanistan was contested between the Afghan government and various insurgency groups.

In August 2017, reacting to a hostile speech by US President [[Donald Trump]], a Taliban spokesman retorted that they would keep fighting to free Afghanistan of "American invaders".

===Resurgence===
By 2020, after [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] had lost almost all of its conquered territory and committed less terrorist acts, the global think tank called the Institute for Economics & Peace considered the Taliban to have overtaken ISIL as the most dangerous terrorist group in the world due to their recent campaigns for territorial expansion.

On 29 May 2020, it was reported that Mullah Omar's son Mullah [[Mohammad Yaqoob]] was now acting as leader of the Taliban after numerous Quetta Shura members were infected with COVID-19. It was previously confirmed on 7 May 2020 that Yaqoob had become head of the Taliban military commission, making him the insurgents' military chief. Among those infected in the Quetta Shura, which continued to hold in-person meetings, were Hibatullah Akhundzada and Sirajuddin Haqqani, then commanders of the Taliban and Haqqani network respectively.

In September 2020, the US government and several Taliban spokesmen negotiated in Doha, Qatar to bring the Afghanistan War to an end, under the conditions that NATO withdraw its forces in Afghanistan as well as al-Qaeda not using areas under Taliban control as bases. The Agreement was supported by the governments of China, Russia, and Pakistan, with India welcoming the pact, and was unanimously endorsed by the UN Security Council, however, the Afghan government was not involved.

===Second Islamic Emirate===
In May 2021 following the beginning of American and other NATO forces withdrawal, the Taliban began an offensive all across Afghanistan. By mid-August 2021, the Taliban controlled every major city in Afghanistan, capturing the capital Kabul by 15 August 2021; following this, president Ashraf Ghani fled the country. On August 19, the Taliban officially declared a second Islamic Emirate, with Supreme Leader [[Hibatullah Akhundzada]] being recognized as Emir and [[Abdul Ghani Baradar]] and [[Mohammad Yaqoob]] both serving as Vice Emirs. After they took over the government, they have claimed to reformed in their ideology, from granting women education to accepting non-Pashtuns as part of the Taliban. As of 2021–2022, senior Taliban leaders have emphasized the "softness" of their revolution and how they desired "good relations" with the United States, in discussions with American journalist Jon Lee Anderson.

The murder of comedian Nazar Mohammad was notorious, although a spokesman for the Taliban criticized that they should have handed him over to the authorities instead of killing him.<ref>https://www.milenio.com/internacional/talibanes-cortan-garganta-matan-famoso-comico-afganistan</ref><ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2021/07/28/nazar-khasha-afghanistan-comedian/</ref>

Western nations have suspended most humanitarian aid to Afghanistan following the Taliban's takeover of the country in August 2021 and the World Bank and International Monetary Fund also halted payments. In October 2021, more than half of Afghanistan's 39 million people faced an acute food shortage. On 11 November 2021, the Human Rights Watch reported that Afghanistan was facing widespread famine due to an economic and banking crisis.

According to a Human Rights Watch report released in November 2021, the Taliban killed or forcibly disappeared more than 100 former members of the Afghan security forces in the three months since the takeover in just the four provinces of Ghazni, Helmand, Kandahar, and Kunduz. According to the report, the Taliban identified targets for arrest and execution through intelligence operations and access to employment records that were left behind. Former members of the security forces were also killed by the Taliban within days of registering with them to receive a letter guaranteeing their safety.

==Ideology==
The Taliban's ideology has been described as an "innovative form of sharia combining Pashtun tribal codes," or Pashtunwali, with radical Deobandi interpretations of Islam favored by JUI and its splinter groups. Also contributing to the mix was the [[militant Islam]]ism and extremist jihadism of [[Osama bin Laden]] Their ideology was a departure from the Islamism of the anti-Soviet mujahideen rulers they replaced who tended to be mystical Sufis, traditionalists, or radical Islamism inspired by the [[Muslim Brotherhood]].

According to journalist Ahmed Rashid, at least in the first years of their rule, the Taliban adopted Deobandi and Islamist anti-nationalist beliefs, and opposed "tribal and feudal structures," eliminating traditional tribal or feudal leaders from leadership roles.

The Taliban strictly enforced their ideology in major cities like Herat, Kabul, and Kandahar. But in rural areas the Taliban had little direct control, and promoted village jirgas, so it did not enforce its ideology as stringently in rural areas

The Taliban regime interpreted the sharia law as to forbid pork, alcohol, music, many types of consumer technology such as television, filming and the Internet as well as most forms of art such as paintings or photography, and female participation in sport. Men were forbidden to shave their beards, and required to wear a head covering.

The Taliban also carried out [[ethnic cleansing]] of the Hazara peoples in Afghanistan while they were in power, leaving an estimated 5,000 to 6,000 dead.

The Taliban emphasized dreams as a means of revelation.

Like Wahhabi and other Deobandis, the Taliban do not consider Shiites to be Muslims. The Shia in Afghanistan consist mostly of the Hazara ethnic group which totaled almost 10% of Afghanistan's population.

The Taliban were averse to debating doctrine with other Muslims. "The Taliban did not allow even Muslim reporters to question [their] edicts or to discuss interpretations of the Qur'an.

The Taliban frequently used the pre-Islamic Pashtun tribal code, Pashtunwali, in deciding certain social matters. Such is the case with the Pashtun practice of dividing inheritances equally among sons, even though the Qur'an clearly states that women are to receive one-half a man's share.

According to Ali A. Jalali and Lester Grau, the Taliban "received extensive support from Pashtuns across the country who thought that the movement might restore their national dominance. Even Pashtun intellectuals in the West, who differed with the Taliban on many issues, expressed support for the movement on purely ethnic grounds.

The Taliban is currently waging war with ISIS.

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