Trail of Tears: Difference between revisions

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A limited number of non-native Americans (including African-Americans - usually as slaves) also accompanied the Native American nations on the trek westward.By 1837, 46,000 Native Americans from these southeastern states had been removed from their homelands thereby opening 25 million acres (100,000 km<sup>2</sup>) for predominantly white settlement.

The fixed boundaries of these autonomous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribe tribal nations], comprising large areas of the United States, were subject to continual [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cession cession] and annexation prior to 1830, in part due to pressure from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatter squatters] and the threat of military force in the newly declared U.S. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States territories] -- federally administered regions whose boundaries supervened upon the Native treaty claims. As these territories became [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states U.S. states], state governments sought to dissolve the boundaries of the Indian nations within their borders, which were independent of state jurisdiction, and to expropriate the land therein. These pressures were magnified by U.S. population growth and the expansion of [~~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery~~ slavery] in the South.

The fixed boundaries of these autonomous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribe tribal nations], comprising large areas of the United States, were subject to continual [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cession cession] and annexation prior to 1830, in part due to pressure from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatter squatters] and the threat of military force in the newly declared U.S. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States territories] -- federally administered regions whose boundaries supervened upon the Native treaty claims. As these territories became [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states U.S. states], state governments sought to dissolve the boundaries of the Indian nations within their borders, which were independent of state jurisdiction, and to expropriate the land therein. These pressures were magnified by U.S. population growth and the expansion of [[slavery]] in the South.

The latter forced relocations have sometimes been referred to as "[[death march]]es", in particular about the Cherokee march across the Midwest in 1838, which occurred on a predominantly land route.

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 A limited number of non-native Americans (including African-Americans - usually as slaves) also accompanied the Native American nations on the trek westward.By 1837, 46,000 Native Americans from these southeastern states had been removed from their homelands thereby opening 25 million acres (100,000 km<sup>2</sup>) for predominantly white settlement.
-The fixed boundaries of these autonomous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribe tribal nations], comprising large areas of the United States, were subject to continual [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cession cession] and annexation prior to 1830, in part due to pressure from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatter squatters] and the threat of military force in the newly declared U.S. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States territories] -- federally administered regions whose boundaries supervened upon the Native treaty claims. As these territories became [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states U.S. states], state governments sought to dissolve the boundaries of the Indian nations within their borders, which were independent of state jurisdiction, and to expropriate the land therein. These pressures were magnified by U.S. population growth and the expansion of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slavery slavery] in the South.
+The fixed boundaries of these autonomous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federally_recognized_tribe tribal nations], comprising large areas of the United States, were subject to continual [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cession cession] and annexation prior to 1830, in part due to pressure from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squatter squatters] and the threat of military force in the newly declared U.S. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territories_of_the_United_States territories] -- federally administered regions whose boundaries supervened upon the Native treaty claims. As these territories became [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._states U.S. states], state governments sought to dissolve the boundaries of the Indian nations within their borders, which were independent of state jurisdiction, and to expropriate the land therein. These pressures were magnified by U.S. population growth and the expansion of [[slavery]] in the South.
 The latter forced relocations have sometimes been referred to as "[[death march]]es", in particular about the Cherokee march across the Midwest in 1838, which occurred on a predominantly land route.