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Rashid Rauf (1981 – 22 November 2008) was an alleged Al-Qaeda operative accused of being the ringleader of the 2006 transatlantic aircraft plot. A dual citizen of Pakistan and the UK, he fled to Pakistan after being accused of masterminding the plot, only for the charges against him to be downgraded by the Pakistani government to forgery and possession of explosives. He escaped from jail, only to be killed by a US airstrike in Pakistan.

According to UK security sources, Rauf was the leader of a terrorist cell in North England. He also had contact with Islamic terrorists Bryant Neal Vinas and Maulana Masood Azhar.