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| “ | He was a singular figure, son of the proletariat, self-taught, Evola's favorite. | „ |
| ~ Pino Rauti on Celemente Graziani after his death |
Clemente Graziani (Rome, 17th March 1925 - Asunción, 12th January 1996) was an Italian politician, known as one of the leaders of the New Order Study Center and later founder of the New Order Political Movement.
Biography edit
Early life edit
Clemente was born on the 17th March 1925 in Rome, Lazio, Italy. He would have lost his father at the age of 3 and he graduated from the Commercial Institute and found a job at the Ministry of Transport, which he abandoned shortly afterwards to volunteer in the Royal Navy, falsifying documents given his young age.
Enlistment in the army of the Italian Social Republic edit
In the winter of 1944, he volunteered in the army of the Italian Social Republic. During the Battle of Monte Cassino, he was engaged with tasks of connection between the front and rear lines and he participated in the retreat to Rome. When the Allies arrived, he found work in a garage
Political activity edit
As soon as the war was over, he began his political activity, mostly as an activist. He participated in the foundation of the Italian Social Movement, but did not immediately take the card. In this period, his cultural formation began. At the National Library he read a book by Julius Evola, decided to meet him and since then a very intense partnership was born between them. Evola became for Graziani and for all the young people who revolved around the magazines "Imperium" and "La Sfida" the spiritual father of the traditionalist right.
He was also members of 2 neo-fascist groups: Bundles of Revolutionary Action and the Black Legion.
Ordine Nuovo edit
In 1953, Graziani set up with Pino Rauti, Paolo Andriani and Paolo Signorelli the "New Order Study Center", a laboratory of ideas that drew on the teachings of Evola, as an internal component of the Italian Social Movement. At the Missino national congress in Milan in November 1956 they allied themselves with the "left" of Almirante and Massi, losing out on the moderates of Michelini who was confirmed secretary. The whole group of the New Order then leaves the party. On the 21st December 1969, Graziani with the few dissident leaders, including Elio Massagrande, but with the majority of the base, instead founded the Political Movement of New Order, which kept as its emblem the double ax enclosed in a white circle on a red background. The movement published the periodical New Action Order and became the largest organization of the extra-parliamentary right.
In this period he was granted the card of the French OAS (paramilitary organization dedicated to terrorist activity to prevent the independence of Algeria), a "privilege" until then only guaranteed to another Italian.
Attempted recreation of the National Fascist Party edit
In 1971 the Public Prosecutor's Office of Rome opened a proceeding against the movement for the reconstitution of the dissolved National Fascist Party. His inaction began shortly after the sentence of the first trial of the New Order, issued on the 21st November 1973, with which he was sentenced to 5 years and 3 months of imprisonment (reduced on appeal to 3 years) and perpetual interdiction from public office.
The inaction edit
Arrested and tried in London, UK, for crimes unrelated to him or that he was against, authorities did not grant extradition due to the inconsistency of the evidence, so much so that the English judge regretted that he could not order the Italian state to pay court costs. After the Greece of the colonels and England, Graziani first took refuge in Banzer's Bolivia, that is the only country that officially accepted him despite the mandates of international arrest, and then in Paraguay, where extradition to Italy was denied for the second time. Graziani settled in Chaco and became ganadero, or cattle breeder. Settling in Paraguay, he opened his house in Asunción to those who came to visit him from Italy; friends and family joined him, starting with his wife Fiorella and his children. In the meantime, the charges against him were dropped: he was acquitted of the remaining charges, including the most serious, namely the one linked to the Occorsio murder, from which he was exonerated with full formula. He had only 8 months of imprisonment left to serve, the residual penalty of the first trial of the New Order.
Death edit
He died in Asunción, Paraguay, on the 12th January 1996.
Villanies edit
- On the 12th March 1951, Graziani dedicated an entire night along Franco Dragoni and Fausto Gianfranceschi to do bomb attacks on the streets of Rome.
- He was arrested in 1949, because he was responsible for the attempted sinking of the Christopher Columbus training ship destined for the Soviet Union as compensation for war damage.
- He tried to recreate the National Fascist Party, wich is illegal in Italy.
Trivia edit
- He showed himself to be willing to fight in a possible war against Turkey along the Greek military authorities.
- He deserted soon by the military after being attacked by an officer.