Exile
Exile is a complex method of psychological torture that equates to "social death" - it can be called other names (such as Shunning or Avoidance) and can be self-imposed or used as a crime, it is also often used by small communities or even some religious bodies to force people into "proper" behavior.
Many who suffer exile are denied the basic human contact that most require to live a normal life and the pain of being ignored or shunned by family and friends can be devastating - the severity of the exile varies from era, community and even purpose (for example a religious body many shun until the offender returns to "proper" thinking, while an exiled criminal may never be allowed to return to their home).
List of people who have been exiled (either by law or voluntarily) edit
- Adib Shishakli
- Agathe Habyarimana
- Ahmed Abdallah
- Alan García
- Alberto Fujimori
- Alfredo Stroessner
- Anastasio Somoza Deybale
- Ange-Félix Patassé
- Ante Pavelić
- Assata Shakur
- Augusto Pinochet
- Ayman al-Zawahiri
- Bảo Đại
- Blaise Compaoré
- Charles Taylor
- Chin Peng
- Édouard Karemera
- Eduard Roschmann
- Erich Honecker
- Farouk of Egypt
- Ferdinand Marcos
- Fulgencio Batista
- Gustavo Rojas Pinilla
- Hissène Habré
- Idi Amin Dada
- Idris of Libya
- Imre Nagy
- Ioannis Metaxas
- Jaafar Nimeiry
- James Murray Mason
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa
- Jean-Claude Duvalier
- José Eduardo dos Santos
- Jose Maria Sison
- Josef Mengele
- Joseph Kony
- Joseph Stalin
- Juan Carlos I of Spain
- Juan Perón
- Khalid Sheikh Mohammed
- Khalifa Haftar
- Klaus Barbie
- Kwame Nkrumah
- Leon Trotsky
- Lon Nol
- Mengistu Haile Mariam
- Michel Micombero
- Milton Obote
- Mobutu Sese Seko
- Mohammad Najibullah
- Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
- Moussa Dadis Camara
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- Nino Vieira
- Osama bin Laden
- Porfirio Díaz
- Ruhollah Khomeini
- Siad Barre
- Syngman Rhee
- Thanom Kittikachorn
- Theodore Sindikubwabo
- Tommaso Buscetta
- Trần Lệ Xuân
- Viktor Yanukovych
- Vlad Tepes the Impaler
- Wilhelm II
- Yakubu Gowon
- Zine El Abidine Ben Ali